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Big Bang Machine Discovers Unknown Particle

29 April, 2012

MessageToEagle.com - Physicists at Cern have not yet been able to confirm the existence of the elusive "God particle", but they have nevertheless made another interesting discovery

Scientists announced that the Large Hadron Collider, often referred to as the Big Bang machine has detected an unknown particle composed of three quarks.

A new baryon could thus be detected for the first time at the LHC.

The baryon known as Xi_b^* confirms fundamental assumptions of physics regarding the binding of quarks.

In particle physics, the baryon family refers to particles that are made up of three quarks.

Quarks form a group of six particles that differ in their masses and charges.

The two lightest quarks, the so-called "up" and "down" quarks, form the two atomic components, protons and neutrons.

All baryons that are composed of the three lightest quarks ("up," "down" and "strange" quarks) are known.

Only very few baryons with heavy quarks have been observed to date.

They can only be generated artificially in particle accelerators as they are heavy and very unstable.

Scientists at CERN have discovered a new, previosuly unknown particle.

In the course of proton collisions in the LHC at CERN, physicists Claude Amsler, Vincenzo Chiochia and Ernest Aguiló from the University of Zurich's Physics Institute managed to detect a baryon with one light and two heavy quarks. The particle Xi_b^* comprises one "up," one "strange" and one "bottom" quark (usb), is electrically neutral and has a spin of 3/2 (1.5). Its mass is comparable to that of a lithium atom. The new discovery means that two of the three baryons predicted in the usb composition by theory have now been observed.

The calculations are based on data from proton-proton collisions at an energy of seven Tera electron volts (TeV) collected by the CMS detector between April and November 2011. A total of 21 Xi_b^* baryon decays were discovered -- statistically sufficient to rule out a statistical fluctuation.

The discovery of the new particle confirms the theory of how quarks bind and therefore helps to understand the strong interaction, one of the four basic forces of physics which determines the structure of matter.

MessageToEagle.com via CERN

See also:
Does Elusive Higgs Boson "God Particle" Really Exist?

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