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Quark Stars May Hold Secrets To Early Universe
Filled With Dense Matter Superheated To A Trillion °C

12 April, 2012

MessageToEagle.com - Three exceptionally luminous supernovae explosions have been observed in recent years.

Observing a quark star could shed light on events just after the Big Bang, when the universe was completely filled with very dense and superheated to a trillion °C matter.

According to astronomers, these super-luminous cosmic events , (most probably the most luminous supernovae ever observed) may have produced a new type of object known as a quark star.

When supernova explodes, it leaves behind either a black hole or a dense remnant called a neutron star.

Now astronomers believe that may be also the third possibility - a quark star, which is even denser than a netron star.

One of supernova explosions named by astronomers - SN2005gj - was first observed when they used a robotic telescope at Caltech's Palomar Observatory. Data collected with Palomar's Samuel Oschin Telescope was transmitted from the remote mountain site in southern California to astronomers via the High-Performance Wireless Research and Education Network (HPWREN), funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF).

Researchers in Canada have analyzed the SN2005gj along with two other supernovae, and believe that they each may be the signature of the explosive conversion of a neutron star into a quark star.


Illustration of a supernova explosion. Image credit: NASA/CXC/M.Weiss


The objects are the three most luminous supernovae ever observed, and have been difficult to explain.

The Canadian research team feels that the explosions herald the creation of a previously unobserved and new class of object known as quark stars.

The most compact objects known to exist are neutron stars. Neutron stars are about one and a half times the mass of our Sun, yet compressed to only 16 miles across.

A neutron star is formed as the core of a massive star collapses while the star's outer layers are blown apart producing a supernova explosion.


Artist's impression: Dust disks that surround supposed black holes, such as the one circling giant star M33-X7 in this could be orbiting so-called quark stars.


These ultra-dense objects are made up of neutrons tightly packed together.

A quark star is a hypothetical type of star composed of ultra dense quark matter.

If quark stars exist, it could prove a theory that normal matter - the stuff of people, planets and stars - isn't stable and could help explain the existence of the dark matter that fills much of the universe, scientists say.

First suggested in 1970, a hypothesized (quark) star is a collapsed star that doesn't quite crumple enough to turn into a full-fledged black hole and yet is too heavy to become a so-called neutron star (at least 1.4 times heavier than the sun.)

Further observations should help to confirm or defeat the hypothesis of quark stars.

MessageToEagle.com via HPWREN

See also:
Intimate Connection Between Black Holes And New-Born Stars

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